Management of Accidental Sodium Hypochlorite Injection in Dentistry: A Case Report

ABSTRACT Background Sodium hypochlorite solutions have been an important adjunct in root canal treatment for over 60 years. In Iran, many individuals work in dentistry under the title of ‘experimental dentist’. These individuals lack formal academic education in dentistry and, with limited practical knowledge, they pose a risk to the health of many citizens. In many instances, these dentists fill anaesthetic cartridges with NaOCl for use in root canal irrigation. Occasionally, these cartridges containing NaOCl are mistakenly injected into the patient instead of anaesthetic, causing significant damage. Method In June 2022, a 33‐year‐old male patient was referred to a maxillofacial surgery clinic following an accidental injection of NaOCl, which was intended to be a local anaesthetic solution. Upon examination, complications including ecchymosis, haematoma, swelling, oedema, necrosis and sensory neurovascular defects were observed. Results According to the grading scale, the injuries were considered moderate. After a thorough examination, a vestibular incision was made in the affected area. The patient was prescribed Vitamin B1, Vitamin E 400, Coenzyme Q10 capsules, Bromelain capsules at a dose of 500, Ibuprofen 400 mg pain reliever, Amoxicillin and Metronidazole oral antibiotics, Dexamethasone 8 mg ampoule and Hydrocortisone 100 mg ampoule. The patient returned to a normal and stable condition after 10 days. Conclusion Vestibular incision and Vitamin B1, Vitamin E 400, Coenzyme Q10 capsules, Bromelain capsules at a dose of 500, Ibuprofen 400 mg pain reliever, Amoxicillin and Metronidazole oral antibiotics, Dexamethasone 8 mg ampoule and Hydrocortisone 100 mg ampoule will drain the hematoma, improve nerve damage and repair the damaged area due to NaOCl that was accidentally injected.