Identification and Utilization of Underutilized Gum‐ and Resin‐Bearing Tree Species in Two Districts of Somali Region, Ethiopia

Ethiopia’s drylands are home to a diverse range of tree species that produce gum and resin; however, there has been a noticeable decline in their production and trade in recent years. This study examined underutilized gum‐ and resin‐bearing species and related indigenous knowledge in the Adadle and Danana districts of the Somali Region. Data were collected through semistructured questionnaires with 40 households per district, focus group discussions with 15 participants, and interviews with three local experts in each district. Four underutilized species were identified: Acacia bussei (Gedi hureg), Acacia seyal (Qudhac), Acacia nilotica (Murchel), and Commiphora guidottii (Gundire) recognized for their production of glue, chewing gum, and medicinal applications. Availability and collection were reported as highly seasonal, with traditional tapping and collection methods prevailing. Statistical analysis showed that income source ( p = 0.001) and education status ( p = 0.038) significantly influenced utilization, while other demographic factors were not significant. Limited awareness, lack of modern harvesting techniques, and declining market linkages were identified as major challenges. The study recommends awareness creation, improved production and harvesting methods, and promotion of sustainable utilization to support both livelihoods and biodiversity conservation.