Projected impacts of sea level rise by the year 2100 on major infrastructures along the Mediterranean costs of Egypt

One significant effect of climate change that has been seen in recent decades is Sea Level Rise (SLR). According to projections, under the worst case scenario for greenhouse gas emissions, SLR might reach one meter globally by 2100. The current study’s main goal is to investigate the vulnerable effects of SLR on the major infrastructures along Egypt's nearly 1000-km Mediterranean coast. A local and a global Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are employed after integrating the global DEM with local geodetic datasets to enhance its accuracy, as a DEM is essential for the analysis. Based on the collected data and the achieved findings, it has been concluded that the SLR-based vulnerable regions span 66.1 square kilometers, accounting for only 0.81% of the overall Mediterranean coastal regions in Egypt. Furthermore, it can be noted that the middle flat-topography region of the study area, the Nile Delta, represents the most vulnerable section of the Egyptian coastlines. Additionally, the research has revealed that only 6 key infrastructures, from a total of 41, would be under risk by SLR by the year 2100. Such hazardous sites contain 3 harbors, 2 industrial sites, and an electrical station. These locations have to be considered by governmental agencies, principally the shoreline protection authority, when formulating the optimal measures to protect these vulnerable infrastructures.