First record of Arum italicum (Araceae) from the Oklahoma (U.S.A.) flora

The first naturalized occurrence of Arum italicum (Araceae) in the Oklahoma flora is reported here from Le Flore County. In 2025, a naturalized population of A. italicum was discovered in semi-disturbed wooded habitat near the city of Spiro. Plants were sterile but establishing via tuberous offsets and possibly seeds, as some of the plants were separated by several meters. The origin of the naturalized plants is unknown and no direct evidence of prior cultivation was observed at the site. The potential for continued establishment of A. italicum, along with similar species in the Oklahoma flora, also are discussed.