Optimal Unit Scheduling Considering Multi-Scenario Source–Load Uncertainty and Frequency Security

In response to the significant challenges posed by the volatility and low-inertia characteristics of new energy outputs to the safe operation of power systems, a day-ahead scheduling model for generating units that takes into account source–load uncertainty and frequency security is proposed. To address source–load uncertainty, kernel density estimation and copula theory are employed to model the correlation between wind and solar energy and generate a set of typical daily scenarios. Considering the low-inertia characteristic, frequency security constraints are incorporated into the scheduling model, and an optimization model for generating units that takes into account multi-scenario uncertainty is constructed. By solving the expected value of the objective function, economic and safe scheduling of the system under uncertain environments is achieved. An experimental analysis and case studies verify the advantages and feasibility of the proposed model through a comparison of scheduling costs and frequency security.