The anisotropy of cosmic ray light and heavy components observed by LHAASO-KM2A

The anisotropy in different mass components of cosmic rays can provide stringent constraints on theoretical models regarding the origin of anisotropy, such as the distribution of sources, the propagation of cosmic rays, and the local magnetic field environment. This is particularly significant in the high-energy range, from hundreds of TeV to PeV, where the anisotropy exhibits considerable variation. However, to date, the cosmic-ray anisotropy of different mass compositions in this high energy range are not reported. The muon measurements from the LHAASO-KM2A offer an opportunity to identify the components of cosmic rays. In this study, we utilize three years of data from KM2A to measure the anisotropies of different mass composition ratios across tens of TeV to PeV range. We obtained high-purity samples of light and heavy component cosmic rays, and our findings indicate that the anisotropies show variations for lighter components at lower energies.