Enhancing luminescence of QD thin films, polymer composite films, and LED devices by nanostructures

Luminescent quantum dots (QDs) hold significant potential for application in next-generation display and lighting technologies. In terms of their applications in solid-state QD lighting and display systems (QD systems), there are three common categories: QD thin film, polymer composite film (polymer film), and light-emitting diode (LED) device. However, these QD systems exhibit similar optical loss phenomena despite their structural differences, such as self-reabsorption, total internal reflection effect, Förster resonance energy transfer effect, metal absorption, or waveguide mode. In this review, the nanostructures, such as plasmon nanostructures, photonic crystal nanostructures, dielectric nanoantenna or light extraction nanostructures, were summarized to enhance the luminescence of QD systems via light-matter interactions. These luminescence enhancement mechanisms were primarily attributed to the enhancement of the scattering effect, Purcell factor, electromagnetic field in these systems via the nanostructures. Meanwhile, we summarized and analyzed the differences in luminescence enhancement factors for single QD system, or among the QD systems that influenced by nanostructures. In addition, the future research directions were also discussed in this review. Finally, these nanostructure-based light manipulation strategies will pave the way for the development of 3D, near-eye displays, and QD lasers in the future.