Method for measuring cosmic ray energy using an ionization calorimeter with incomplete absorption

This paper analyzes the problems of determining primary energy using a thin ionization calorimeter. These challenges include large fluctuations in cascade development, a decrease in the statistics of analyzed events with increasing energy, and the need to increase the calorimeter thickness to measure higher-energy particles. To address these challenges, a method is proposed that improves the accuracy of energy determination in direct measurements of cosmic rays with energies of TeV and higher.