The NEMA Device for Efficient Extraction and Rearing of Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are valuable biological control agents and research models in agriculture and ecology. Traditional extraction and rearing methods for EPNs, such as the Baermann funnel and White trap, work well but have limitations in efficiency and practicality. The NEMA Device, constructed from PVC components, was designed to address these limitations by combining extraction and rearing into a single tool with improved portability, scalability, and ease of use. The efficiency of the NEMA Device was evaluated by comparing it to the conventional Baermann funnel extraction method and the White trap method for nematode multiplication. Validation of the instrument was performed using two nematode species, <i>Steinernema khuongi</i> and <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i>, which vary in size and can be used for pest control. Our results demonstrated that the NEMA Device achieved higher recovery rates of both <i>S. khuongi</i> and <i>H. bacteriophora</i> compared to the Baermann method. Additionally, the production rate of nematodes using the NEMA Device was comparable to that of the White trap method, with no significant difference observed between the two methods. The NEMA Device offers a standardized, cost-effective methodology for the extraction and multiplication of EPNs, enhancing the accessibility and efficiency of studying these agriculturally important nematodes and potentially improving biological control outcomes.