Estimating ankle joint angle from skeletal geometry: a mechanical model of the calcaneal lever in terrestrial mammals
Our mechanical model could estimate <i>θ</i> <sub>est</sub> from skeletal morphology that closely match <i>θ</i> <sub>obs</sub> during stance phase. Despite interspecific variation of <i>θ</i> <sub>obs</sub>, the mechanical advantage of the calcaneal lever remains within a narrow range, suggesting mechanical optimization of the ankle extensor apparatus across terrestrial mammals. This model informs postural reconstruction in extinct species.
Authors
- Fumihiro Mizuno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0743-6654)
- Shin‐ichi Fujiwara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-5734)
Institutions
- National Museum of Nature and Science (JP)
- Nagoya University (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PeerJ
- Published
- 2025-09-23
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.20056
- Primary Topic
- Robotic Locomotion and Control
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00