Efficacy of combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy in recurrent non‑small cell lung cancer during durvalumab maintenance therapy: A case report

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by durvalumab consolidation is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a good performance status. However, there is currently no consensus on the management of recurrence after CCRT and durvalumab consolidation therapy. The present study describes the case of a 52-year-old male former smoker with stage IIIB NSCLC who experienced recurrence in the right hilar, mediastinal and bilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes after an initial response to CCRT and durvalumab. A treatment regimen involving combined durvalumab, tremelimumab, cisplatin and pemetrexed achieved stable disease and was continued as maintenance therapy. However, the patient later developed brain and bone metastases, indicating progressive disease. This case highlights the challenges of managing recurrent NSCLC after CCRT and durvalumab consolidation therapy. Combining immunotherapy and chemotherapy may offer a viable approach, underscoring the need for further research and standardized protocols.