Validation Strategies for District Heating Network Models

Due to the complexity of district heating systems, improved novel methods of district heating network (DHN) simulation are still being introduced in the literature. The subject of validation strategies for DHN simulation models emerges as one that has not been thoroughly analyzed before. Based on the considered subset of models reported in the literature, a general classification of the validation strategies of DHN models is proposed in this study. The proposed classification is based on two criteria: data and topology used in the validation case studies. This study provides insights into validation strategies for DHN models, their practical implementation and evaluation criteria, and the approaches used in the validation of these models. The standardization of DHN model validation approaches and the possibility to replicate the validation results seem to be limited. It seems that the dissemination of dedicated benchmarks or commonly accepted methodologies featuring evaluation criteria suitable for models’ intended applications could have a positive impact on the thoroughness of future DHN model validation and the replicability of validation results. To assist in future research, preliminary validation guidelines are proposed that may serve as a starting point in designing validation case studies for DHN models.