Aspiration versus outcome: the career intentions of PhD students in an Australian university

Purpose While PhD qualifications were commonly viewed as preparation for academic careers, graduates are increasingly finding employment beyond the university sector. This study aims to examine the relationship between the career aspirations and confidence levels of PhD students and alumni at an Australian university, and their likely career outcomes. Design/methodology/approach To determine career intentions and outcomes of past and present PhD students, the authors conducted a survey at a single Australian university, reaching 445 students and 175 alumni. The survey compares students’ career goals, confidence levels, career development training, disciplinary focus, age and experiences in the course using descriptive and statistical analysis. Findings The survey revealed that 55% of current students aspired to university roles, with 67% expressing confidence in achieving their desired outcomes. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between confidence in attaining career goals and experiential factors, such as time management skills and a sense of connection within the learning community. However, these factors did not significantly influence the type of career goal itself. A gap remains between students’ aspirations and the likelihood of achieving their desired career outcomes, particularly in academic roles. Practical implications The research findings emphasise the need for comprehensive career support and realistic career guidance for PhD students, aligning their aspirations with the broader job market. Originality/value This study contributes to understanding the evolving career landscape for PhD graduates and underscores the importance of preparing students for diverse career paths.