Compounding and Use of Human Medicinal Products in Small Animal Practice: What Are the Perspectives of Veterinarians?—A Pilot Study

Compounded medications (CMs) have become increasingly relevant in veterinary pharmacotherapy, particularly due to the limited availability of licensed veterinary medicinal products (VMPs). Despite the importance of CMs, data on their use all over the world, as well as in Serbian veterinary practice, remain limited. The aim of this study is to understand Serbian veterinarians' attitudes towards the use of CMs and human medicinal products in small animal practice, with a focus on challenges and needs they experience related to this type of therapy. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted from January to May 2024 among licensed veterinarians, covering sociodemographics, antibiotic prescribing practices, and attitudes toward CMs. Most respondents (85.4%) reported difficulties in accessing appropriate medications, with 45.8% frequently prescribing human medications for reasons of availability and cost. While 58.3% were familiar with CMs, many emphasized their benefits in tailoring doses and formulations. A majority (65.6%) believed CMs could improve treatment outcomes, yet 87.5% expressed the need for further education. This study shows that Serbian veterinarians frequently prescribe human medications due to limited and costly veterinary medicinal products. While they see the benefits of CMs for personalized treatments, there is a clear need for improved training and clearer regulations to enhance treatment outcomes and ensure safer veterinary care.