Resistance of potato varieties to the most harmful pathogens

Relevance and Methodology. The selection of resistant varieties makes it possible to significantly reduce the additional costs of protective measures and significantly improve the ecological situation of the natural environment. Every year, employees of the Department of Agrotechnology of the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution "A.G.Lorkh Potato Plant Center" (I soil and climatic zone, Moscow Region, Lyubertsy, Kraskovo village) conduct special studies aimed at identifying the best promising potato varieties of domestic breeding for resistance to the most common and harmful pathogens. Results. The article presents the results of studying 58 potato varieties, including 56 varieties of domestic and 2 varieties of foreign breeding (for comparison). The studies were conducted in accordance with officially approved methods. According to the data obtained during visual records of diseases on potato plants for 2022-2024, varieties with relative resistance to the complex of diseases were identified: Evpatiy, Intelligentsia, Dogoda, Zyryanets, Typhoon, Shah and Orlan (up to 2.8% of affected plants with rhizoctoniosis, up to 2.0% by leaf twisting, up to 0.2% by mottled mosaic and up to 2.8% wrinkled and striped mosaic). The average indicators of the results of autumn tuberous analyses on the prevalence of major diseases in 2022-2024 indicate that potato tubers had lesions with dry rot, rhizoctoniosis, and scab. During three years of research, tubers of the Yevpatiy variety were not affected by dry rot. In 22 varieties, the spread of the disease was minimal (0.3-2.1%). In the remaining varieties, the incidence of tubers ranged from 2.2% to 13.1% (Bashkir variety). The average indicators of the results of autumn tuberous analyses on the prevalence of major diseases in 2022-2024 indicate that potato tubers had lesions with dry rot, rhizoctoniosis, and scab. During three years of research, tubers of the Yevpatiy variety were not affected by dry rot. In 22 varieties, the spread of the disease was minimal (0.3-2.1%). In the remaining varieties, the incidence of tubers ranged from 2.2% to 13.1% (Bashkirskiy). Conclusions. The data presented in the article, based on three years of research on 56 domestic potato varieties and two foreign varieties, provide a basis for their use in potato production in organizations of various forms of ownership, taking into account the susceptibility of each of these varieties to the most common potato phytopathogens.