Correlations between Serum Magnesium and PTH Levels and Vascular Calcification in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Study of Associated Factors

Introduction. This study is an attempt to investigate the correlations between serum magnesium (Mg) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score. Methods. This retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical records of 101 cases undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at Liyang People’s Hospital (China) between May 2021 and May 2023. The clinical features of the calcified and non-calcified groups were compared. Cardiovascular calcification was defined as intima-media thickness (IMT ) ≥1.2 mm or local thickness≥0.5 mm. Logistic regression analysis was carried out for identifying independent influencing factors of calcification. Furthermore, the correlations between these influencing factors and AAC were analysed. Results. Calcification was diagnosed in 76 patients (75.2%). In comparison to the non-calcified group, the calcified group showed markedly elevated age, dialysis duration, and phosphorus levels of (P), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), ferritin (FER), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). (P < .05). Conversely, the calcified group had significantly lower body mass index (BMI) and magnesium (Mg) levels compared to the non-calcified group (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis identified age (P = .006), dialysis duration (P = .002), PTH (P = .016), and Mg (P < .001) as independent influencing factors of calcification. Furthermore, age, dialysis duration, and PTH were positively bound up with AAC score (P < .05), while Mg was negatively bound up with it (P < .001). Conclusion. Mg may be a protective factor to inhibit vascular calcification. Age, dialysis duration and PTH affect the calcification process through various mechanisms.