Real-Time Monitoring of Scour Depth and Reinforcement for Railway Bridge Foundations based on Multi-technology Integration

In this paper, the research on evaluation, reinforcement and monitoring technology is carried out for the scour disease of railway bridge foundation. By analyzing domestic and foreign cases, using LUSAS and Flow-3D software numerical simulation, the influence of scour depth on foundation bearing capacity (based on Terzaghi formula) and structural dynamic performance is revealed, and a multidimensional evaluation system is established. Combined reinforcement technologies such as increasing foundation area and adding reinforcement pile foundation are proposed, which can improve the stability of bridge piers through engineering verification. The flume experiment shows that the sacrificial pile protection can shorten the scour balance time. A real-time monitoring system integrating vibration, in-situ electricity (error < 1 cm) and other technologies is constructed, and the field application realizes the identification and dynamic tracking of the initial stage of scouring. The results show that the protective device can reduce the maximum scour depth to 13 % of the unprotected condition. The research provides a systematic solution for evaluation, reinforcement and monitoring of railway bridge scour.