ISAC-Enabled Channel-Aware Beam Management in THz Networks with Sensing Errors

This paper investigates the use of Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) to enhance beam management in Terahertz (THz) networks. Following the 5G numerology, the proposed ISAC scheme leverages the synchronization signal block (SSB) for channel condition perception, environmental blockage sensing, and user tracking, which facilitates timely handovers and beam switching based on sensing results. We develop a system-level stochastic geometry framework to account for line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) channel conditions, base station (BS) and blocker densities, and sensing ac curacy limitations. This framework yields a semi-closed expression for evaluating the average beam misalignment probability in ISAC networks. We demonstrate the performances of both timeout-induced and sensing error-induced misalignment probabilities, respectively. Furthermore, we propose an optimal resource allocation strategy under noisy sensing conditions to minimize beam misalignment probability. Numerical results are provided to validate our analytical results and illustrate the efficacy and robustness of the proposed ISAC beam management scheme compared to conventional networks. This research can offer insight for ISAC network deployments and configurations.