A Low-Profile Broadband End-Fire Antenna Based on Rectangular Dielectric

A novel low-profile broadband end-fire antenna based on irregularly shaped dielectric was designed. By introducing a pair of symmetrical irregular rectangular grooves, the antenna effectively extends its bandwidth. The antenna is fed by a coaxial line and consists of an irregularly shaped dielectric, a metal ground plane, and a feeding probe. The dielectric is made of Rogers TMM10 material with a dielectric constant of 9.8. The antenna was optimized and simulated using the high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS. The results show that the antenna achieves a relative bandwidth of $26 \%$ within the frequency range of 6 GHz to 7.8 GHz, demonstrating excellent end-fire performance and a high gain of 10.87 dB. Compared to traditional rectangular dielectric antennas, this design significantly enhances the bandwidth by modifying the dielectric shape while maintaining good radiation characteristics. The simulation results indicate an improvement in the maximum radiation direction gain and effective suppression of backward radiation.