Flexible Cylindrical Arrays with Movable Antennas for MISO System: Beamforming and Position Optimization

As wireless communication moves toward the 6G era, the demand for ultra-reliable, high-speed connectivity drives the exploration of new degrees of freedom (DoFs). Movable Antennas (MAs) integrated into Flexible Cylindrical Arrays (FCLAs) offer significant potential for optimizing communication by providing spatial flexibility. This paper presents an optimization framework that utilizes FCLA mobility to improve communication rates and system performance. Using Fractional Programming (FP) for alternating beamforming and antenna position optimization, throughput and resource utilization are enhanced. A novel Constrained Grid Search-Based Adaptive Moment Estimation Algorithm (CGS-Adam) optimizes antenna positions while ensuring spacing constraints. Simulations show that the proposed system outperforms traditional fixed antenna setups, achieving up to a 31% performance gain, making FCLAs a promising solution for 6G systems.