Current status of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors in older patients with hip fragility fractures: A cross-sectional study

This study aimed to provide evidence for the development of targeted interventions by investigating the current status of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors and their impact factors in older patients with hip fragility fractures. This cross-sectional study employed a convenience sampling method. The participants included 160 older adults who had sustained their first hip fragility fracture and were recruited from the Department of Joint Surgery at a tertiary general hospital in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China, between October 2023 and June 2024. Data were collected via questionnaires administered within the information-motivation-behavioral skills model framework, including: a general information questionnaire, the osteoporosis knowledge test (OKT), the osteoporosis self-efficacy scale (OSES), the social support rating scale (SSRS), the osteoporosis self-management behavioral scale, and the Healthy Behavioral Scale for the prevention of osteoporosis questionnaires. Factors influencing osteoporosis prevention health behaviors were identified via univariate analysis and multiple linear regression. A total of 154 older patients with hip fractures were included, and the valid return rate of the questionnaire was 96.25%. The score of the osteoporosis prevention health behavior scale was 6.64 ± 4.32. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex, age, BMI, primary caregiver, whether they had fallen within one year, whether they had received health education on osteoporosis, knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and self-management were the influencing factors of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors in older patients with hip fragility fractures (P < .05), accounting for 82.8% of the total variance. Our study revealed that suboptimal osteoporosis prevention health behaviors in older patients with hip fragility fractures are influenced by sociodemographic factors, clinical history, and psychosocial determinants. These findings indicate that targeted interventions - enhancing health education, improving self-efficacy, and strengthening social support - may reduce the incidence of secondary fracture in this population.