Thermal analysis of the novel throat-type micro-channel heat sink: Achieving minimal power consumption and maximal thermal performance

• A novel throat-type microchannel heat sink (TMCSH) is proposed. • Comprehensive analysis of energy-saving efficiency and enhanced heat transfer performance of microchannel heat exchangers. • The temperature control performance and energy-saving efficiency of TMCSH are optimized analyzed. This study numerically investigates, for the first time, the enhanced heat transfer and energy-saving performance of throat-type microchannel heat sinks (TMCSH). Unlike previous works that primarily focused on heat transfer improvement, this research introduces energy conservation efficiency as a new evaluation metric, enabling a joint analysis of thermal and energy-saving characteristics. By comparing with conventional straight-channel structures, the effects of throat opening size, throat length, and throat number on maximum temperature reduction, temperature control efficiency, and energy conservation efficiency are systematically analyzed. The results show that the optimal converging acceleration microchannel (CAM) configuration reduces the maximum temperature by 27 K and lowers energy consumption by 36.4 %. Furthermore, optimal nondimensional design ratios ( L c / D h = 0.30 and L t / L x2 = 0.1) are identified, and multi-throat configurations are shown to further enhance thermal management, achieving up to 80 % energy-saving efficiency. These findings provide new theoretical and practical guidance for designing energy-efficient microchannel heat sinks in high heat flux electronics cooling applications.