Application of artificial intelligence technologies in dermatology

Dermatology represents a field of medicine with extensive potential for analyzing pathological changes directly in the lesion site, which is reflected in the widespread use of morphological studies for diagnosing skin diseases. With the rapid integration of artificial intelligence technologies into medicine, dermatology has once again become a promising area for the testing and implementation of neural network- and machine learning-based methods for practical medical applications. This article provides a review of scientific publications reporting the use of artificial intelligence technologies in dermatology. For this purpose, 120 research studies published between 2020 and 2025 and indexed in the PubMed database were analyzed. The analysis established that artificial intelligence technologies can be used for the differential diagnosis of malignant skin neoplasms. A large number of images is critical for developing artificial intelligence-based platforms for skin melanoma due to the high heterogeneity of both the clinical and morphological presentation of neoplasms. At the same time, in some cases, image augmentation processes may enhance the effectiveness of the developed methods. In addition to neoplasms, machine learning methods have been applied to develop differential diagnostic algorithms for chronic dermatologic conditions such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, rosacea, and acne. Along with clinical applications, the use of artificial intelligence in dermatology education has also been reported. At the same time, the use of artificial intelligence raises patients’ concerns regarding ethical issues as well as the accuracy of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies; therefore, patients currently view these technologies primarily as complementary to physicians' work.