Ontogenesis of the digital economy and data economy: The role of AI-transformation of business in strengthening the technological sovereignty and achieving the technological leadership of Russia

Aim. The work aimed to form a holistic view of the role of AI-transformation of business in strengthening the technological sovereignty and achieving the technological leadership of Russia based on the ontogenesis of the digital economy and data economy. Objectives. The work seeks to identify the key features of technological sovereignty and technological leadership, processes and phenomena associated with the construction of innovative ecosystems during AI-transformation; substantiate the fact that the AI transformation strategies of Russian companies are focused on technological leadership through the construction of innovative ecosystems that are most resilient to new challenges. Methods. The study employed the author’s methodological approach, in particular the ontogenesis of the digital economy and the data economy, as well as two methods of ontogenesis “A-matrix for the formation of strategic decisions on digital transformation” (A-matrix: “Challenges” — “Triggers” — “Strategies”); the matrix “Evolution of the digital economy and systemic digital transformation” of Professor L. V. Lapidus, as well as retrospective analysis, the method of participant observation, the author’s own experience in the field of business consulting, conducting foresight sessions, strategic sessions with large Russian and international corporations from eleven sectors of the economy. Results. The study identified key features of technological sovereignty and technological leadership. It was concluded that Russian corporations play a special role in strengthening technological sovereignty and achieving technological leadership, as they create a strong technological core of their ecosystems based on import substitution with the active development of Russian software and other high-tech solutions. The ontogenesis methods were used to substantiate that as the digital economy and the data economy developed, the dominant role of data changed and the role of AI increased. AI transformation strategies of companies are focused on technological leadership by creating innovative ecosystems that are most resilient to new challenges. AI transformation is a digital transformation responsible for the future of business with an orientation towards creating innovative ecosystems which focus has shifted from coordinating the flows of goods and services to creating innovative products, that is, goods, works, and services based on different classes of AI solutions and the commercialization of new knowledge, taking into account the strengthening of the AI strategic role in long-term sustainable development. Intelligent hyperconnectivity is the most important driver of AI transformation and technological leadership of business. The stage “Intelligent hyperconnectivity. Industry X.0” of digital economy development for the period from 2030 to 2050 will be characterized by changes associated with the emergence and development of markets technologies of Industry X.0 (intelligent hyperconnectivity of products and devices, AI machines, AI clients based on generative AI technologies and other breakthrough technologies of new generations), development of markets around meta-universes and other virtual spaces”. Conclusions. Strengthening technological sovereignty and achieving technological leadership are within the interests of not only the state, but also business, which is confirmed by their importance in the implementation of six basic strategies of AI transformation. At present and after 2030 with a perspective to 2050, the companies which are more successful than others in implementing the strategic role of AI in AI transformation will be able to maintain leadership and achieve dominance. Business pays special attention to the DTS5 strategy which is focused on creating an innovative ecosystem. The best trajectory is becoming the core of such an ecosystem, the owner (operator) of key digital platforms, services and AI solutions on which other ecosystem participants will depend. With a further transition to Industry X.0, the Industry X.0 technologies and intelligent hyperconnectivity technologies will become a priority for business, which will be reflected in changes in business architecture and the structure of the technological core of innovative ecosystems.