Industrial Encroachment and Agricultural Sustainability: A Multidimensional Study ofRice Farming in West Java

This study assesses the sustainability of rice farming in Cirebon District, West Java, Indonesia, an area increasingly affected by the expansion of the natural stone industry.Using the RAP-Rice method, an adaptation of the RAPFISH approach based on Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), the study evaluates five sustainability dimensions: economic, social, ecological, technological, and institutional.Data were collected from farmer surveys, field observations, interviews, and government reports.Results show that all five dimensions fall within the moderate sustainability range, with index scores between 51.55 and 52.39.Leverage analysis identifies key factors driving sustainability, including profitability, youth involvement, irrigation maintenance, organic fertilization, and access to extension services.Monte Carlo simulations confirm the robustness and consistency of the MDS results, with low stress values and high RSQ scores across dimensions.These findings underscore the need for integrated policies that focus on internal system improvements to enhance agricultural resilience in industrially encroached areas.The study offers practical insights for policymakers and local governments seeking to support rice farmers through infrastructure, institutional, and environmental interventions.