Key factors in the development of Russian semiconductor industry to ensure technological sovereignty

Aim. The work aimed to identify and characterize the key factors in the development of semiconductor industry that ensure the strengthening of technological sovereignty of Russia. Objectives. The work seeks to perform a critical analysis of statistical information of the retrospective period to determine the dependence of Russia on other countries in semiconductor products; to identify macroeconomic factors in the development of semiconductor industry aimed at strengthening the technological sovereignty of Russia. Methods. In the study course, scientific publications were selected, representing the basis for the development of research in the context of the topic being disclosed, as well as factual information of federal government bodies of the Russian Federation (RF), namely the Federal Customs Service and the Federal State Statistics Service, was systematized and summarized. The study employed comparison, analysis, and synthesis of information, graphic-analytical tools. Results. The statistical data analysis established the presence of a stable dependence of the Russian Federation on the import of electrical products, including products manufactured using semiconductors. At the same time, there is a positive trend in the production of high-tech and science-intensive products, including the semiconductor segment. Conclusions. The semiconductor industry, being a key element of high-tech production, is the most significant in ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country and requires priority attention from both government agencies and private investors. The industry development is largely stimulated by macroeconomic factors, including the state industrial policy, import substitution programs, and the digital transformation of the economy. The study results can be used in the preparation of analytical materials, strategies for the development of high-tech sectors, as well as in educational and scientific activities.