Bridging education and service through open and distance learning model: a study of armed forces learners

Purpose The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) Niche-1 is a specialised programme that Bangladesh Open University (BOU) offers. Between 2014 and 2024, over 48,000 soldiers from the Bangladesh army were enrolled in this programme, with an average pass rate of 90.86% over the past decade. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the HSC Niche-1 programme, focusing on professional, socioeconomic, and academic development of the soldiers. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods research design was followed, using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. To gather qualitative insights, 225 graduated learners participated in structured interviews, while 25 participants participated in three focus group discussions (FGDs). Findings A substantial number of participants reported that the programme has positively influenced their personal, professional and social lives. This has played a crucial role in securing current employment by improving their service performance. Additionally, the programme has created valuable job opportunities for participants after retirement. The study shows that the HSC Niche-1 programme is contributing to the professional development of armed forces personnel and supporting the country’s economic growth. Research limitations/implications The cantonment of the Bangladesh Army and the Bangladesh Navy or Air Force base are highly restricted areas. It was challenging to stay there or collect data for any study. The researcher contacted the appropriate personnel and requested their assistance gathering information regarding the Niche-1 programme. They cited institutional restrictions, security concerns and military secrecy as the main reasons for their refusal to assist. Then the researcher presented his FGD checklist and survey questionnaire. Upon evaluation, they made some modifications and verbally consented to collect data on the Niche-1 programme. However, they were overly concerned about any written document. They did not put their signatures on the attendance sheet in FGD sessions. The researcher was also aware of all sorts of sensitivities. Originality/value This study contributes to the growing inclusive and flexible learning dialogue. The HSC Niche-1 programme is different from the traditional educational framework and it can bridge the gap between service commitment and the academic development of armed forces soldiers. This study offers immense perceptions of the role of academic interventions and professional development amongst Niche-1 learners.