Alterations in Goat Microbiota Following <i>Panax </i><i>n</i><i>otoginseng</i> Supplementation: Metagenomic Insights and Potential for Gastrointestinal Nematode Control

Certain medicinal plants are known to have potent effects on egg hatching and larval motility of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) such as Haemonchus contortus (barber pole worm). In this study, we investigated the impact of Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) extracts on the gut microbiome of goats, in comparison to Syzygium aromaticum and Piper nigrum when used as treatments towards Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus). Using metagenomic analysis of rumen fluid and fecal samples, we observed significant alterations in the microbial community structure, specifically in the P. notoginseng treatment group. Notably, several microbial taxa were significantly upregulated in treated animals. These findings provide a foundation for further research to identify and harness microbiome-mediated resistance to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism in goats.