THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF FIFTH GRADE PUPILS IN OPERATIONS WITH NUMBERS IN MATHEMATICS

Mathematics is a science dedicated to the study of measures, numbers and space and is one of the first sciences developed by humans because of its great importance and utility. Mathematics is a scientific field with several scientific areas in which forms, space, changes, numbers and how they are used are studied largely in abstraction. It includes, among other things, the application of arithmetic calculations, algebraic manipulations, measurement, drawing logical conclusions and solving problems. The number sense that is important for learning mathematics takes root early in life, long before children enter school. Mathematical tasks are central to the learning of mathematics. The purpose of this research is to analyze the achievements of pupils at the end of the fifth grade of primary school in the tasks of knowledge and understanding of mathematics. The research was conducted in four schools in the city of Skopje and Tetovo, in which 188 pupils are included. As an instrument for measuring pupils’ achievement in mathematics at the end of the fifth grade, the mathematics knowledge test from the topics “Numbers” and “ Number operations” consists of seven tasks selected from the TIMSS (Trend in International Mathematics and Study Science), three of which are for knowing and understanding. The obtained data were processed by means of the SPSS Statistic 25 program applying appropriate a parametric Independent Samples Test as a reference for testing the differences between the data on an ordinal scale. From the solution of the tasks, we can see that boys have shown better results compared to girls.