The Association between Malondialdehyde and Body Fat Mass Indices in Postmenopausal Women: An Analysis of Oxidative Stress and Adiposity

Background: The postmenopausal period is characterized by metabolic changes that often lead to increased central adiposity. Concurrently, the decline in estrogen is linked to elevated oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a primary biomarker of lipid peroxidation, serves as a key indicator of oxidative damage. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to associate oxidative stress with Body Fat Mass Indices in Postmenopausal Women with normal and high BMI. Materials and Methods: This research was directed on 104 postmenopausal women of age 45–60 years grouped them into two. Group 1 having normal BMI (18.50–24.99) and Group 2 having high BMI >25.00 based on Asian’s classification for BMI. Approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee was obtained before beginning the study. Body fat composition was measured using the equipment named Bodystat that uses the technique of bioelectrical impedance analysis. The oxidative stress marker Malondialdehyde was measured from the serum samples using a fully automated clinical ELISA workstation analyser. Statistical analysis: Unpaired t-test was used to analyse all parameters of the study (control and study group). Results: Consistent positive correlations were observed between serum MDA levels and various indices of body fat mass. Studies indicate that higher adiposity, particularly visceral fat, is a significant contributor to oxidative stress. In this study it was revealed that this relationship is influenced by dietary patterns, physical activity levels, and duration since menopause. Conclusion: There is a strong, positive association between MDA concentration and body fat indices in postmenopausal women. This suggests that managing adiposity through lifestyle interventions could be a crucial strategy in relieving oxidative stress and reducing the risk of associated chronic diseases in this population.