FREQUENCY OF ANTI HCV ANTIBODIES IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing concern, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare. Both conditions are associated with significant morbidity and can complicate disease management. Understanding the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of HCV co-infection in T2DM patients is crucial for effective management and treatment. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HCV co-infection in patients with T2DM, identify associated risk factors, and explore the psychological impact of the co-infection. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Quetta, Pakistan. A total of 200 T2DM patients were screened for HCV. Data was collected through structured interviews, patient records, and laboratory testing. Risk factors were analyzed, and psychological distress was measured using standardized scales. Results: The prevalence of HCV co-infection among T2DM patients was found to be 28%. Key risk factors included a history of blood transfusions, uncontrolled diabetes, and rural residency. Psychological distress, including symptoms of anxiety and depression, was reported by 40% of participants. Financial constraints and low awareness of the co-infection were significant barriers to diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion: HCV co-infection is highly prevalent among T2DM patients, with significant risk factors identified. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions addressing medical, psychological, and educational aspects to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Comprehensive screening and awareness programs are essential to manage and mitigate the impact of this co-infection.