Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from canine wounds

Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) peel extract was prepared using a rotary evaporator with 95% ethanol as a solvent and evaluated for its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from canine wounds. In total, 52 wound samples from 52 dogs were collected, with 32 bacterial strains isolated, including 20 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 12 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most strains in the study were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin (80 - 100%). The resulting extract was a fine, reddish-brown powder with a pungent odor and an extraction yield of 10.17%. Its activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested by agar diffusion method. Diameters of inhibition zones ranged from 19.60 mm to 23.10 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and from 10 mm to 17.37 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa at different concentrations of 50 - 200 mg/mL. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the extract were 1.25 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus, and 50 - 70 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. The results of this study indicate that mangosteen peel extract inhibits both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and has potential applications in the development of biomedical products.