Coordinated Optimization of Building Morphological Parameters Under Urban Wind Energy Targets: A Review

Against the backdrop of global energy crises and accelerated urbanization, urban wind energy has garnered increasing attention through its integration with building environments. This study investigates the synergistic optimization of architectural parameters (including floor layouts, three-dimensional forms, and roof configurations) with wind capture efficiency. By employing parameterized design and multi-scale flow field analysis, we systematically examine how architectural morphology modulates wind fields and enhances energy performance. Our key findings reveal the following: spatially arranged floor plans significantly influence wind speed distribution; three-dimensional form openings effectively enhance wind velocity while reducing wind-induced vibration responses; and roof configurations and floor layouts demonstrate the highest contribution to wind energy efficiency, with curved roofs showing particularly notable power generation improvements in low-wind environments. The building “density + layout angle + roof form” collaborative strategy has been validated for practical implementation. Current limitations include simulation errors in complex geometries, efficiency bottlenecks in vertical axis turbines, and inadequate lifecycle assessments. Future efforts should focus on multi-field coupled simulations, integrated turbine–architecture design, and enhanced low-carbon evaluation systems to facilitate the transformation of buildings into distributed energy production entities.