Mechanisms for Migration of Alkali in Dolomitic Limestones

The alkali-dolomite reaction (ADR) describes the interaction between alkalis in concrete and dolomite which results in dedolomitization, leading to cracking and deterioration of the concrete. A large number of research has explored the chemical products associated with the ADR, mechanisms of expansion, and methods of identification, but our understanding of the occurrence and progression of the ADR chemical reaction is substantially limited. Key factors controlling the ADR chemical reaction are generally not understood. This paper investigates the migration process of alkali ions in dolomitic limestone and reaction process with dolomite crystals and alkali. Dolomitic limestone samples were selected for experimentation. The amount of Sodium (Na⁺) was measured as a means of assessing alkali ion migration. We measured the degree of dedolomitization using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructure was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). This research provides new insights into dedolomitization. The pore network provides the physical pathway for alkali ion migration. Concentration gradients drive the migration of alkali ions, and their interactions control the efficiency of alkali ion migration.