The Polish adaptation of the Blood Donor Identity Survey

The present study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the Polish version of the Blood Donor Identity Survey (BDIS-PL), a multidimensional tool grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) for assessing motivational profiles of blood donors. Despite increasing public health concerns over declining donor numbers in Poland, psychological research in this area remains limited. The BDIS fills a critical gap by capturing six types of motivational regulation: amotivation, external, introjected, identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation. A total of 665 Polish participants completed the BDIS-PL, along with personality and prosocial orientation measures (NEO-PI-R subscales and the Light Triad Scale). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the original six-factor structure (CFI = .93; RMSEA = .08), and all subscales demonstrated acceptable to high internal consistency (α = .66–.88). Metric, but not scalar, measurement invariance was supported across gender. Convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed via multitrait–multimethod matrix analyses, showing expected correlations between motivation types and personality traits. Motivational profiles significantly differentiated between active donors, former donors, and non-donors: active donors displayed significantly higher levels of internalized motivation (identified, integrated, intrinsic) and lower amotivation. These findings support the psychometric robustness of the BDIS-PL and highlight the importance of internalized motivation for sustained blood donation. The tool offers valuable insights for designing targeted interventions to enhance donor retention and recruitment in Poland, particularly by fostering autonomous forms of motivation. This study provides cross-cultural validation of the BDIS and reinforces the utility of SDT in health-related behavior research.