Confounding mechanisms and adjustment strategies in air pollution epidemiology: a case study assessment with the UK Biobank cohort
This case-study illustration elucidates various confounding mechanisms in cohort studies on environmental risks and offers a critical evaluation of alternative adjustment strategies.
Authors
- Antonio Gasparrini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2271-3568)
- Massimo Stafoggia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-2908)
- Chris Fook Sheng Ng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-0807)
- Jacopo Vanoli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0196-4170)
- Lina Madaniyazi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-2422)
Institutions
- Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (GB)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Department of Health (IE)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 3 (IT)
- Nagasaki University (JP)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Published
- 2025-08-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf163
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.80
Funders
- Medical Research Council