Research Progress on the Synthesis and Application of Polybenzoxazine Resin Containing Miscellaneous Elements: A Review

ABSTRACT Benzoxazine resin is a thermosetting resin similar to epoxy resin, featuring a wide range of raw material options, low dielectric constant, low surface energy, good hydrophobicity, excellent mechanical properties, no release of small molecules during curing, and low curing shrinkage rate. It has a very broad range of application scenarios. However, with the rapid development of the times, the performance of benzoxazine resins does not meet the performance requirements of modern top fields. In order to improve the performance of benzoxazine resins, researchers use different methods to change the performance. Some use different phenolic or amine sources to synthesize benzoxazines, while others introduce different functional groups to change the performance. Functional groups containing impurity elements have excellent properties. Although there are many review articles on benzoxazines, no one has ever conducted a comprehensive review on the introduction of impurity elements into benzoxazine resins. This article reviews benzoxazines containing silicon, boron, phosphorus, and sulfur elements in recent years and mentions possible application scenarios. Provide ideas and methods for the modification of similar epoxy resins and bismaleimide resins. It is hoped that the research in this paper can provide a reference for the future study of introducing impurity elements into thermosetting resins.