DHEA and TNF-α: Key Factors in Managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Iraqi Females

The most common endocrine condition that affects fertile women worldwide is known as polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS. Depending on the diagnostic criteria applied, the prevalence might range from 5% to 15%. The presence of two of the three criteria—polycystic ovaries, clinical or biological hyperandrogenism, and chronic anovulation—must be present for PCOS to be diagnosed, under the recommendations of specialized societies. DHEA and DHEA-S levels of androgens are frequently high in women with PCOS. Acne, irregular menstruation periods, and hirsutism excessive hair growth can all be indications of this hormonal imbalance. Two groups were involved in the study: there are one hundred women in the patient group, which is the initial group. Between October 1, 2023, and March 1, 2024, 50 patients and 50 healthy individuals served as controls, as determined by a team of experienced gynecologists at the Fertility Center in AL-Sadder Medical City in Najaf Province, Iraq. 5 ml of blood were drawn from a brachial vein using sterile medical syringes on female subjects who were in the luteal phase for this investigation, and the blood was then put in a gel. To determine LH, FSH, Prolactin, DHEA, TNF-α, and IL-6 using an ELISA kit (Elabscience, USA) and lipid profile using an automated biochemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA), the serum was extracted, put in Eppendorf tubes, and deep frozen at -20 °C. According to the current study's findings, POCS women's levels of DHEA are much higher than those of healthy women. Additionally, the research demonstrated that, when compared to healthy controls, women with polycystic syndrome had significantly higher blood levels of IL6 and TNF-α. The results clearly show a correlation between PCOS and increased levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α.