Self-Realisation Theory: Addressing the Interplay of Faith and Human Needs Beyond Self-Determination Theory

Purpose — This paper introduces the Self-Realisation Theory (SRT) as a faith-inclusive alternative to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Grounded in the Islamic Tawḥīdī worldview, SRT expands the scope of human motivation and flourishing by adding the need for immortality or felicity to SDT’s three needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness to provide a more comprehensive explanation of human well-being. Design/Methodology/Approach — The study employs a conceptual and comparative methodology. It critically examines the secular foundations of SDT, contrasting with SRT within the Islamic worldview. A theoretical model and an empirical framework are proposed to evaluate SRT’s explanatory power relative to SDT. Findings — The analysis reveals that while SDT provides a robust account of motivation across disciplines, it neglects the existential human need for eternity and role of faith in fulfilling basic human needs. This approach redefines fulfilment as arising not from self-sufficiency but from acknowledgment of human limitations and submission to God. Originality/Value — Unlike SDT’s secular orientation, SRT adds theological and metaphysical depth, offering a more holistic model of human motivation with a comprehensive understanding of human needs. This contribution bridges psychology, economics, and theology, enriching the literature with an integrative framework. Research Limitations — Theoretical in nature, the framework requires empirical validation across cultural and religious contexts. Practical Implications — SRT can inform various disciplines by reframing autonomy, competence, and relatedness in relation to faith, and by recognising immortality as a fundamental motivator. Social Implications — By integrating faith into human need theories, SRT provides a basis for promoting deeper well-being, resilience, and meaning in diverse societies.