Critical node identification and risk assessment of port typhoon disaster chains based on complex networks

Abstract To investigate the significant impact of frequent typhoons and their cascading effects on port operations, this study constructs a port typhoon disaster evolution network model using complex network theory and the disaster chain evolution mechanism. Incorporating both the individual risk level of nodes and the overall risk level of the disaster evolution system, a risk matrix approach is introduced to quantitatively classify disaster node risks. The PageRank algorithm is employed to determine the importance weight of nodes, providing a comprehensive assessment of their risk significance. Furthermore, a risk assessment model for port typhoon disaster chains is developed by integrating the vulnerability parameters of connecting edges. The findings indicate that typhoons serve as the primary initiators of cascading disasters, with operational disruptions, shipping suspension, and terminal facility damages identified as high-risk nodes. Supply chain disruptions due to transport delays constitute the core risk chain affecting port operations. Accordingly, this study proposes mitigation strategies targeting key nodes and scientifically evaluates their effectiveness, with the aim of enhancing port disaster resilience and minimizing the adverse impacts and losses resulting from typhoon events.