Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Research Relating to Spinal Modic Changes Reported Over the Period 2004–2024

This study represents the first known bibliometric analysis and visualization of MC, offering clinicians valuable insights into research priorities and directions. Future investigations should prioritize the classification, pathophysiological mechanisms, and clinical significance of different types of MC, especially their roles in pain and functional impairment. Research should also explore the impact of obesity and paraspinal muscles on the progression of MC. Moreover, studies should examine the potential benefits of weight loss and muscle strengthening in alleviating symptoms. Finally, researchers should focus on leveraging artificial intelligence to improve the identification and understanding of MC.