Evolución de CUDA y los nuevos paradigmas de programación paralela

This article analyzed the evolution of CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) and its impact on parallel programming paradigms, with the aim of exploring its contributions to high-performance computing and the challenges it faces amid emerging technological trends. The research employed a methodology based on a systematic review of scientific and technical literature, complemented by a comparative analysis of CUDA against other parallel programming models, such as OpenCL and SYCL. Additionally, structured consultations with experts were conducted using the Delphi method, which allowed for the integration of qualitative perspectives on the current and future trends of this technology. The results highlighted that CUDA has been pivotal in areas such as deep learning, scientific simulation, and artificial intelligence, by providing specialized tools that optimize computational performance and enhance efficiency in NVIDIA GPU-based systems. However, significant challenges were identified, including its exclusive reliance on proprietary hardware, the need to improve its portability to heterogeneous platforms, and energy sustainability in large-scale applications. The conclusions emphasized the importance of adapting CUDA to more abstract and automated paradigms, facilitating its integration into hybrid architectures and distributed computing environments. The research provided a novel analysis by highlighting CUDA’s evolution and potential as a key technology in parallel programming, reinforcing its relevance for the development of computational solutions to address complex problems in science and engineering.