Evaluación de diferentes dosis de anticuerpos monoclonales en el tratamiento de la rinitis alérgica en adolescentes

Allergic rhinitis is a highly prevalent chronic disease in adolescents, with a significant impact on their quality of life and daily functioning. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of three different doses of monoclonal antibodies (75 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg every 4 weeks) in adolescents with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 60 participants equally distributed across three groups. Variables such as the Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), quality of life (RQLQm), use of rescue medication, and the presence of adverse events were measured over a 12-week period. The results showed significantly greater clinical improvement with the higher doses, reaching up to a 70% reduction in symptoms in the 300 mg group, along with a notable improvement in quality of life and a reduced need for additional medications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Adverse effects were mild and manageable, more frequent at the high dose, without compromising the overall safety of the treatment. It is concluded that monoclonal antibodies, especially at intermediate and high doses, represent an effective and safe option for adolescents with refractory allergic rhinitis, although dose personalization and individual monitoring of adverse effects are recommended. This study provides valuable evidence to optimize the use of biologic therapies in pediatric and adolescent populations and suggests the need for additional, larger-scale and longer-term research.