Overview of Research on Bisphenol A Removal from Mine Water

The pollution of bisphenol A (BPA) in mine water has become increasingly prominent, posing serious threats to ecosystems and human health, while also constraining the reuse of water resources in mining areas. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology, as an innovative green approach that combines pollutant degradation with energy recovery, demonstrates significant potential in treating refractory organic compounds and heavy metals. This article provides a systematic review of the advantages of MFC technology in removing BPA from mine water, with a focus on innovative designs such as photocatalytically assisted anodes (e.g., TiO₂/carbon nanotube composites), stacked MFC configurations, and multiple-anode shared-cathode architectures, which enhance pollutant removal efficiency and power output. Studies indicate that MFC systems can efficiently degrade BPA and remove heavy metals (such as Fe, Mn, Zn) through synergistic microbial metabolism and electrochemical processes, while simultaneously converting chemical energy into electricity, aligning with national strategies for renewable energy development. Although challenges related to cost and operational stability remain for large-scale applications, MFC technology holds broad prospects for environmental remediation and resource recovery in mining areas. Future efforts should focus on optimizing reactor structures, electrode materials, and operational strategies to advance the engineering application of this technology.