Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Ovarian Cancer: Current Status and Future Potential

ABSTRACT Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Diagnosis usually occurs late, and even with the most effective treatment relapses are frequent. Early diagnosis and precise staging are critical for achieving better treatment outcomes and prognoses. Conventional imaging methods such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the main imaging techniques supporting management decisions. However, advancements in molecular imaging have made positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) a promising noninvasive imaging option for better management of OC. The literature provides evidence indicating that fluorine‐18‐fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F‐FDG) PET/CT (FDG‐PET/CT) is effective in primary tumor diagnosis, staging, prognosis evaluation, treatment response assessment, and relapse surveillance. Looking ahead, significant attention should be paid to tracers beyond FDG, integrated PET/MRI, dynamic PET, and artificial intelligence (AI)‐based radiomics. This review examines the application of PET/CT in OC management at each disease stage and discusses its future potential.