The relationship between ideology and science: a socio-philosophical dimension

The study aims to identify the common and distinctive characteristics of science and ideology in a socio-philosophical dimension, as well as to analyze their axiological and institutional foundations. The article examines the historical conditions for the emergence of these phenomena, their internal structure and functions, the role of value orientations in the formation of scientific knowledge and ideological representations, as well as the mechanisms of their transmission into the social space. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it proposes, for the first time, a systematic comparison of science and ideology in axiological and institutional aspects, which makes it possible to reveal their typological and genetic proximity while having fundamental differences. As a result of the study, it was found that science and ideology arose in the era of the collapse of traditional society and are formed on the basis of a rationalistic picture of the world; however, their functional differences lie in the fact that science strives for cognitive neutrality, while ideology inevitably operates with value categories. In addition, the channels of transmission are also different: science functions mainly through the education system, while ideology also uses mass media and public rhetoric. The findings allow us to refine the understanding of the interaction between science and ideology in a socio-philosophical context.