PBA based nanomaterials as a rising star for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

Hydrogen, with its high energy density and extensive application potential, stands out as a promising energy carrier. Water electrolysis (HER) is one of the most cost-effective routes for hydrogen production, with significant potential for large-scale industrial deployment and market expansion. In this process, the design of high-performance electrocatalysts plays a critical role in enhancing the overall electrolysis efficiency. Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), as a type of metal-organic framework compound, have garnered significant attention in energy storage and catalysis due to their easy synthesis, low cost, and tunable composition. PBA-based materials exhibit relatively good HER activity but have limited conductivity and stability. This review focuses on the emerging role of PBAs as promising electrocatalysts for HER. We discuss the synthesis methods of PBAs and highlight modification strategies to enhance their catalytic performance. The review also explores the application of PBA-based catalysts in HER under various conditions, including high current densities and seawater electrolysis. Future directions emphasize the integration of advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations to further optimize these catalysts for efficient and sustainable hydrogen production.