A kinematic analysis of the hammer throw technique in elite female athletes: a comparative study between Chinese and international competitors

The international elite female hammer throwers exhibit superior release-related indices and more effective double-support mechanics compared with their Chinese counterparts. These results highlight the central role of double-support coordination, trunk-pelvis coupling, and phase-specific timing in optimizing release velocity and overall performance. Targeted technical interventions focusing on these elements may help close the performance gap and advance elite-level outcomes.