Modeling of Microgrids to Reduce Market‐Oriented Reliability Costs, Considering the Shape Factor of the Load Curve

The increasing integration of renewable energy resources necessitates efficient energy management frameworks, among which we can refer to microgrids. Microgrids have many advantages, one of which is the reduction of reliability costs. In this paper, as the first contribution, a novel model of microgrid’s capacity value has been developed to be used in a long‐term problem such as providing the resource adequacy in the capacity market. Also, as the second contribution, the model of shape factor of the load curve has been developed to consider the value of developing microgrids in countries with different load curves. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model, simulations have been implemented on the IEEE 57‐bus test system. Numerical results showed that the optimal limit of the number of microgrids used in the considered test network is 15. By using this number of microgrids in the test network, considering the load curve coefficient of 1, the amount of reliability costs was reduced by 8%. Also, using this number of microgrids in a network with a load curve factor of 2 reduced reliability costs by 15%. These results showed that first, the use of microgrids has a significant effect in reducing reliability costs, and second, networks with uneven load curves benefit to a greater extent from the advantages of microgrids in reducing reliability costs.