Analysis of disasters and their occurrence factors for building a working backup system

The paper examines the role of backup as a key element of the disaster-resistance system and the protection of information systems from large-scale failures and hacker attacks. It presents an analysis of the tasks of automating the backup process, including the use of cloud storage and specialized software, and identifies their limitations related to the frequency of creating copies and security issues. The main focus is on developing an approach to organizing emergency backup based on monitoring data of natural disaster factors. To do this, we have proposed a systematization of natural hazards (seismic, meteorological, hydrological, and fires) and described the classes of devices (seismographs, gas analyzers, weather stations, water level sensors, thermal imagers, etc.) that allow for real-time detection of disaster precursors and automatic backup without the need for an administrator. As a result, a methodology for building an early disaster detection system has been proposed, which is integrated into the general model of information security threats. The methodology includes the stages of information system inventory, analysis of current threats, assessment of their likelihood of implementation, and the formation of a list of necessary sensors to minimize data loss and reduce the time required to restore system functionality. The main advantage of this methodology is the optimization of the backup process.